Some Reflections on Witch- Hunting by Onyango Oloo in Nairobi
There are several things I want to ponder in this posting, but let me kick things off with a real story from the mid-1990s.
It is early December 1994 and a young man- actually he is thirty years old-is loitering around the Bus Stand in the western Kenyan town of Kisumu.
He is having a furious conversation-with himself.
Amidst the usual hustle and bustle of this crowded milieu, a commotion breaks out behind him.
Oblivious to all this cacophony, he continues chattering away in his very voluble, somewhat internal monologue.
"Mwizi huyo! Mwizo huyo!" are the strident shouts of a baying crowd closing in on a suspected pick pocket frantically dashing for dear life, knowing full well what will befall him should his pursuers overtake him and overwhelm him.
In a split second he makes a decision that diverts the crowd and spares him his life at least for today.
Spying the disturbed individual talking to himself ahead of him, the suspect catches a brain wave, switching from hunted to hunter.
He now jabs an accusing finger at the person in front of him:
"Ndio huyu! Ndio huyu! Ua! Maliza yeye!"
He then deftly melts into the nearby market stalls.
Meanwhile the frothing, baying mob catch up with who they are convinced is the suspect- the disturbed young man jabbering and yammering to himself.
They accost the man who is quite bewildered by the sudden hostility from a crowd he had not noticed before.
Blows rain down on him accompanied by kicks.
Somebody picks up a rock and tries to smash it over his head.
Blood is oozing from all over.
He is crying for mercy but the vengful crowd must mete out their crude street justice.
Suddenly, luckily, a trio of policemen on patrol happen on the bloody lynching ceremony.
They have to struggle to wrestle the bloodied and maimed man from the screeching wild eyed mob executioners before bundling him onto a Land Rover packed not too far away.
Pause.
That thirty year old man was called Joseph Ochieng'.
He had grown up in Mombasa before relocating to Kisumu with his siblings- his younger brothers Washington and Otieno and his three sisters Beatrice, Sarah and Ruth.
After his arrest, the police took him to the station and charged him with committing violent robbery, known in prison argot as "Stroke Two" after section 296 (2) of the Criminal Procedure Code with a mandatory sentence of death by hanging.
By the time his siblings found him, after scouring the hospitals, morgues and other macabre places, the cops had broken his jaw and several of his ribs, leaving him confined in a wheel chair.
The outraged siblings produced a hefty sheaf of his medical records to attest to his history of mental health problems. They found that he had been deliberately starved and denied urgent medical attention.
They made frantic efforts to release him from custody and get a doctor to treat him.
It was too late.
On Friday December 9, 1994, he breathed his last- ironically exactly fourteen years after his mother had died of breast cancer in Mombasa.
That young man was also my brother, the third oldest in our family of eight after me and my younger sister Janet who is currently domiciled in Durban, South Africa.
From the above tale of woe, some of my readers can perhaps guess why I have a deep aversion for lynch mobs and their version of "street justice".
Incidentally, my brother's mental health difficulties started almost immediately after my incarceration in November 1982.
Given the paranoid conditions at the time, the Moi-KANU dictatorship fostered a climate of fear, silence and suspicion among the citizenry.
Anybody who sported a beard was a potential Marxist on his way to destablize the Nyayo regime in a clandestine nocturnal meeting stacked with dissidents in the pay of foreign masters.
It was illegal to own a copy of Chairman Mao's Little Red Book or any of the publications from Beijing.
Special Branch operatives and two bit informers infested every bar and street corner on the look out for Pambana distributors and Mwakenya recruits.
KANU louts like the late unlamented Shariff Nassir, Ezekiel Bargentuny, Mulu Mutisya, Okiki Amayo, JJ Kamotho and others had a field day parrotting their loyalty to Mtukufu Rais and singing KANU Tawala Tawala!
Then here was my brother, only four years younger than I, with a striking resemblance to his older brother and quite influenced by his radical ideas.
Something snapped after I was sent to Kamiti Maximum Security Prison for five years.
My brother started hearing voices in his head telling him that they were the Special Branch and that, he , Joseph Ochieng' Oloo MUST REPORT any "suscpicious activities" to the nearest police station.
And that is what he did, or rather, attempted to do.
In a very short while he was quite well known at Makupa and Central Police Stations in Mombasa with his "regular reports"of spying on suspicious Mwakenya characters who sold out his brother, Onyango Oloo (never mind the fact that I was jailed in 1982 a full three or four years BEFORE the emergence of Mwakenya).
What did the police do to him?
After ascertaining that he was mentally ill, they beat him mercilessly every time he ventured near the police station. Sometimes he was locked up.
There was a time when he was flung into the overcrowded Industrial Area Remand home where he was brutalized by the hardcore felons behind bars.
What happened to my brother?
All I know is that when I finally reached Mombasa on May 12, 1987 having been released from prison I could hardly recognize my own brother who was hyper, hardly sleeping, chain smoking and jabbering away at the speed of light over some incoherent things which were clear only to him.
Suddenly, a few days after I came home, he stopped smoking, started sleeping and became the old Ochieng that I had known.
The only thing was, he could not let me out of his sight,following me everywhere, asking me to tell him in detail what I had gone through all those years away from home.
He was quite lucid and was able to analyze political currents as if he had a post graduate degree in political science (he never ventured beyond high school).
To my born again sisters, this was a miracle from God.
I did not know what to make of this transformation.
When I was forced into exile four months later, I heard that he relapsed into his mental illness.
Earlier I had consulted the psychiatrist he was seeing, who told me that he had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and he was on a heavy dose of psychotropic prescription drugs.
My brother could rattle off to his doctor all the side effects of each pill he was on. Like me, Joseph read widely and did his own extensive research about anything that he was interested in.
Yes, this is the same Joseph Ochieng Oloo who died on December 9, 1994 a victim of mob justice, police brutality and official state neglect.
I was thinking about my brother a lot when I was reflecting on the vicious mob justice campaign to drive Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat out of his job as Chair of the TJRC.
I thought about those former students of the "Other Airlift" , not the Mboya one which was to lead to the birth of the 44th US President but to the East bound airlift organized by Jaramogi Oginga Odinga taking Kenyan students to study medicine, engineering and other science oriented degrees in the former Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary and other socialist countries.
Do you know what happened to them after they came back armed with their degrees ready to serve their young nation?
Because of the Cold War hysteria and association with Odinga and the KPU, these young Kenyan professionals were BLACKLISTED.
Everywhere they went, they were turned away.
Dozens of them wasted away in Nairobi before being forced back to their rural homes, unemployed and unemployable. Some became lumpenized and drowned their considerable sorrows in kegs, drums and vats of changaa, busaa and other illicit brews.
Others committed suicide.
Some still linger on even today in the year of Our Lord Two Thousand and Ten, bitter, cynical raconteurs in the seedy bars of River Road in Nairobi reminiscing about the lives they could have led were it not for the vindictiveness of the Kenyatta dictatorship.
Fast forward a couple decades later and you accost remnants of the former Kenya Air Force.
Because of the 1982 attempted coup, hundreds were rounded up, herded to Naivaisha and Kamiti prison, horribly tortured before being sentenced to long prison terms.
The ones who were not convicted were nevertheless dismissed from their jobs.
In the 1980s and 1990s, many of these ex Kenya Air Force personnel- whether they had been to prison or not- found that they could not get a job anywhere despite the fact that the majority of them, in sharp contrast to their Kenya Army counterparts, were highly skilled in a number of highly competitive technical fields.
Again, their only crime was to have once belonged to an outfit that tried to threaten the Moi-KANU dictatorship.
Even some ex Kenyatta and Nairobi university lecturers found out after leaving detention and prison that they could not be absorbed back into ANY academic institution.
On the other side of the state repression were the dozens of Kenyans who organized quietely in underground and semi-clandestine conditions for a new dispensation in the country.
These are the ancestors of the contemporary civil society actors.
I remember when we were still locked up behind those massive penitentiary walls in the 1980s we-and here I mean specifically people like Maina wa Kinyatti,Oginga Ogego ( now Kenya's envoy to Washington), Mwandawiro Mghanga, Omondi K'abir and Opondo Kakendo (the latter two ex military)- we debated furiously on what we would do on Day Three of the Revolution, after we had taken over state power in Kenya (it is still a dream waiting to unfold dear readers) .
What would we do with the Mois, Njonjos, Oyugis, Mulu Mutisyas, Oloitiptips and Angaines?
Some like Ogego (yes the very same Peter who is today such an ardent sycophant of Kibaki) were too impatient with such cumbersome niceties like trials and courts:
" We will just take them outside and shoot them at City Stadium, kwani what are we waiting for?"
Some of us, reflecting on how the Cuban and Vietnamese revolutionaries had treated their prisoners of war and other reactionary elements insisted that
WE MUST BE TEN TIMES BETTER THAN OUR OUR OPPRESSORS WHO TORTURED US,WHO RUSHED US THROUGH KANGAROO COURTS ON TRUMPED UP CHARGES AND FLUNG US INTO FILTHY OVERCROWDED PRISONS WHERE WERE KEPT IN SOLITARY CONFINMENT.
For those readers who have been perplexed as to why a former political prisoner like Onyango Oloo is "defending" a senior former official of the Moi-KANU regime like Ambassador Kiplagat, the above paragraph in UPPER CASE provides a clue as to my motivation.
Comrades and friends, brothers and sisters in the civil society sector, especially those of you at the forefront of baying for Ambassador Kiplagat blood and possibly neck here are my questions to you:
1.Do you believe in due process?
2.Do you believe in natural justice?
3.Do you believe in presumption of innocence?
4.Do you believe in the right of an accused person to a free and fair trial?
5. Are you aware, or more properly,have you forgotten the long history of mob justice perpetrated against us?
6. Why are we using essentially the same tactics that were used against the Mau Mau, KPU, DTM, Mwakenya and everyone the state considered dangerous from the 1950s to the 1990s?
7. Ten years from now, how MANY OF YOU will look yourselves in the mirror and confidently say, we did the right thing over the Kiplagat Affair?
Do you remember the Njonjo Traitor Affair?
How different are you from those who orchestrated that elite conflict over who controls the neocolonial Kenyan state of the 1980s?
8. Where did you get the license to speak ON MY BEHALF without CONSULTING ME?
Who gave you the permission to speak on behalf of all Kenyans when we have not had that conversation?
9.Finally, after you have hanged, drawn and quartered Ambassador Kiplagat, will you then turn your NGO vengeance to alleged "quislings" "traitors" and "sell outs" like one ONYANGO OLOO?
Well in anticipation of your answer to Question Nine, I say:
BRING IT ON COMRADES!
Onyango Oloo
Nairobi, Kenya
Saturday, February 27, 2010
Friday, February 26, 2010
A Candid Interview with Ambassador Kiplagat
Onyango Oloo talks to the embattled Chair of the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission
[This interview has been carried in full in the Friday, February 26, 2010 edition of the Nairobi-based Star newspaper.]
Were you involved in the meeting where the Wagalla massacre was planned?
I did not attend any meeting related to organising the Wagalla massacre. I had just arrived from London and, as the Foreign Affairs Permanent Secretary, the affair was not in my docket. The National Security Council meeting which I attended was a briefing and not an operational meeting and did not involve decisions at the district level.
The book Blood on the Runway which has been the main reference point acknowledges that the account was put together on very scanty knowledge without the benefit of the original primary documentation.
Did you support the violent RENAMO rebels during the Mozambican civil war?
The Mozambican Government requested my assistance to bring to the negotiating table the Renamo rebel group in order to bring an end to the civil war and to create dialogue which would create peace in the country. I flew to Maputo to meet with President Chissano who asked me to contact Renamo who were still in the bush at that time. I fulfilled the assignment, bringing a message of peace to the rebels and acting as a go-between between them and the government backed Frelimo fighters.
At one time I was requested to organise a meeting of church leaders in Nairobi with the blessings of the Kenyan government and President Chissano of Mozambique. Another time I facilitated the Kenyan government’s granting of passports to enable Renamo rebels to fly to Rome for peace talks, which played a part in creating the peace accord which ended the Mozambican civil war.
The government of Mozambique showed it’s appreciation for my efforts through a personal invitation by their President to attend the signing of the peace accord even after I had left the foreign office.
What is your position on the murder of Robert Ouko?
I do not know who killed the Late Hon Ouko. I appeared before the Ouko murder inquiry and spoke openly as a friend of the deceased. No claim has ever been made linking me to the assassination. In fact the family of the Late Ouko has appointed me as Patron of the Ouko Memorial Library. They clearly would not have done so if they believed I was involved with his murder.
Are you a land grabber?
I purchased land offered to me by the government as did thousands of Kenyas to this day. I complied with the legal requirements and paid in full for the land. The fact that I am mentioned in a report is not conclusive and can not be held against me until proven in a court of law.
Did you condone the human rights atrocities committed during the Moi-KANU regime?
I was one of the few government officials to go before the Saitoti Commission in 1990 where I recommended the introduction of multi party democracy. I am on record calling for the repeal of Section 2A of the Constitution, which declared Kenya a single party state and the removal of the queuing system of voting. While serving as High Commissioner to Great Britain, I met with the Secretary General of Amnesty Internaltional to work on the abolishment of detention without trial not only in Kenya but across Africa. This information is publicly available. In addition, my detractors can check with many of their colleagues like, Ngugi wa Thiongo (who I hosted at a reception in London), Micere Mugo, Salim Lone, Professor Muhiddin, Makokha and many others who benefited from my support during the Moi regime.
But it has been said that your own reports from London when you served there as Kenya High Commissioner were used to convict alleged dissidents opposed to the Moi regime?
I did not produce any intelligence reports while serving as Ambassador or High Commissioner to London. Those familiar with the operations of a foreign mission will know that the intelligence functions in any Embassy are run independently of the Ambassador. There is no evidence to substantiate this claim.
Questions have been raised about the process which led to your selection as TJRC Chair.
A broad range of respected civil society organisations, spanning faith-based organizations, women’s groups, lawyers associations, trade unions and teachers’ unions, human rights organizations, medical professionals and the private sector constituted the selection panel for the TJRC Commissioners.
The panel interviewed 45 applicants and fowarded the list of 15 nominees to the Parliamentary Select Committee on Law Review using a panel of interested parties chaired by Dr. Daniel Ichang’i of the East African Professionals Association. The government did not have a representative on the panel. The PSC vetted the selection, approved 9 names and tabled the results before the House. The 9 names that were adopted by the House unanimously and their names were forwarded to the President for appointment. This rigorous process ensured that the choice of commissioners was aligned with the public interest and had been made on the basis of relevant experience and qualifications.
Until recently, no challenge was offered to my selection as Chairman of the TJRC. It therefore begs the question: what is motivating the people-who have never before contested my nomination-to seek to obstruct the course of justice just at the point where the TJRC is finally about to swing into action with powers to award restitution to the victims. Would these so-called leaders not want to see victims compensated for the pain they have suffered as soon as possible? Over 200 people applied. Did any of those now complaining apply? Former head of the Anglican Church, Archbishop Benjamin Nzimbi and PCEA clergyman Timothy Njoya also applied.
Do you think your critics have treated you fairly in terms of presumption of innocence and due process?
Clearly human rights organizations should not use the law of the jungle and lynch mob strategy to force me to step down. Surely they ought to uphold the rule of law and my constitutional right as a Kenyan citizen to presumed innocent until proven guilty.
Will the TJRC recommend prosecutions and trials for those not only adversely mentioned but found to have been implicated in past human rights abuses?
Yes. The TJRC will make recommendations in these matters.
What is the way forward for the TJRC?
Commissioners should stick together and implement the work plan that has already been developed. I have met many Kenyans who are eagerly anticipating an opportunity to air their grievances.
PS: I have received the following statement from the Ambassador:
Statement by Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat
Honorable Members of Parliament, Fellow Commissioners, Ladies and Gentlemen.
I appreciate that the task before us as a commission and as individuals is a very heavy responsibility.
The whole nation is looking upon us to deliver a process that will be victim-centred, grounded on fairness and justice, open and thorough in its deliberations and decisive in its recommendations.
Personally I have worked my whole life to bring peace and reconciliation between people. The TJRC offers me an opportunity to serve my country in the area of my calling.
Kenyans have been waiting for decades for a process such as the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission. Over the last forty or so years, each generation of survivors and victims have lost several of their members, consigned to the grave before they had a chance to tell their stories, share their pain, confront their former tormentors and articulate the redress they seek.
As commissioners we therefore have our work cut out for us.
That is why I consider it so unfortunate that so much energy is being expended on the question of my suitability or otherwise to be the Chair of the TJRC.
The fact that I have been placed in the position of having to defend my integrity, my honour, my sense of justice, commitment to human rights ideals and democracy at this late stage in my life is quite a challenge to me.
One would have thought that my long career in public and diplomatic service should have cleared any lingering doubts but I am now faced with a dilemma:
Do I bow to the pressure of a well-orchestrated media based lynch mob, which is likely to be interpreted as confirming the allegations leveled against me?
Or do I stand my ground and invite the criticism that I am oblivious to perceived public opinion?
Despite having repeatedly defended myself in the media and in disregard of the numerous statements in my defense from a cross section of society, the debate continues.
My only recourse therefore is to clear my name through a formal legal process.
Ladies and Gentlemen, I am a believer in the rule of law and the fact that all Kenyan’s have a constitutional right to be considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.
This is a fundamental “Human Right” which applies to me as much as to every man, woman and child on this earth.
I believe that all people should abide by the rule of law and not take actions outside the law or make judgments based on unproven allegations.
In fact, the individuals claiming to represent Human Rights and other Civil Society Organizations should be the last to resort to a lynch mob mentality. It goes completely contrary to their mandate and fundamental principles of protecting the rights of everyone irrespective of status and station in life. It is indeed ironic that some of my accusers have been treated unfairly in the past as a result of the absence of this very principle.
I also believe that the trend to call for the resignation of any person based on media reports, perception and vaguely defined “public opinion” is a dangerous trend in particular when our history has shown how ignoring the rule of law can lead to catastrophic results.
If allowed to continue, it is not farfetched to imagine any of us in this room could in future be victims of similar campaigns as we carry out our public duties.
In view of these fundamental beliefs and more so as the Chairman of a commission, whose mandate, is to address past injustices, I cannot merely step aside. Doing so would amount to condoning and encouraging the abuse of human rights, mine included.
My fellow commissioners, as individuals who believe in Truth, Justice and the Rule of Law none of us should take any action or draw any conclusions based solely on allegations, opinion or perception.
So what next?
Since no one has brought any case against me and in order to clear my name, I am enjoining myself in a case already filed against the TJRC so that the allegations leveled against me are determined in a court of law once and for all.
From tomorrow, and while awaiting the determination by the court, I will redirect every ounce of my energy and commitment to the people of Kenya. They have been waiting for far too long for a chance to be heard.
It is in this spirit of truth, justice and reconciliation, that I ask you all to put any differences aside and work together to fulfill the mandate of this important commission.
God bless you and may God Bless Kenya.
"May justice continue to be our shield and defender".Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat
Chairman Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission
26th February 2010
Friday, February 19, 2010
The Case Against Kiplagat
Part Two of a Series of Digital Essays on the TJRC by Onyango Oloo
Before I say anything about Kiplagat and the TJRC, let me pay homage to a very good comrade and friend of mine who I have known for the last thirty years, John “Gupta” Ng’ang’a Thiong’o who died on Wednesday, February 17, 2010 08:56 am East African Time at the Aga Khan Hospital here in Nairobi after being sick for some time.
Comrade Gupta was a socialist; he was a Kenyan patriot; he was a generous and humourous friend; an articulate speaker; a tireless and fearless human rights lawyer; a doting father and devoted husband.
Ndugu Ng’ang’a Thiong’o was a survivor of the repressive state terror meted out to Kenyans by the Moi-KANU dictatorship.
We joined Nairobi University the same year-1981- and we reconnected at Kamiti prison in the mid 1980s as political convicts before reuniting again almost two decades later on my return from Canadian exile in 2005 in the streets and forums of democratic and patriotic protests in Nairobi, Gitune Forest in Meru, Mukogodo among the Yiaaku on the outskirts of Dol Dol, at Wanjiru Kihoro’s funeral in Nyeri and during the tumultuous organizing and mobilization for the World Social Forum in 2006 and 2007.
I have fond, bitter sweet reminisces of a very eventful trip to New Delhi, India in November 2006 with a Kenyan social justice crew that included Ng’ang’a Thiong’o, Mueni Lundi, Sophie Dola, the late Bantu Mwaura, Ooko “Match Stick”, Ndungi Githuku, Lydia Dola, Anne, Diana, Chris and others who were invited by the Indian Social Forum to present a dramatization of 500 Years Resistance to foreign domination, colonialism, neo-colonialism and imperialism at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in the Indian capital. During a stop over of our Emirates flight, something cute, interesting and somewhat melodramatic happened to Gupta Thiong’o at the Dubai Airport, but the details of that incident will for now, be safely locked in the vault of my private memories of our late comrade that I will savour for the rest of my life.
Whenever a patriot like Gupta is robbed from the progressive Kenyan community you feel a crocodile’s sharp teeth gnawing at your intestines leaving a pain that makes it almost impossible to cry out loud in anguish.
But as you unleash that necessary and inevitable river of tears mixed with cayenne pepper, your mind is flooded by the Sixties era
Che Guevara exhortation:
wherever death
may surprise us
let it be welcome
provided that this
our battle cry,
may have reached
some receptive ear,
that another hand
may be extended
to wield our weapons,
and that other men [and women-OO]
be ready to
intone our funeral dirge
with the staccato singing
of the machine guns
and new battle cries of war and victory.
Less well known from the pen of the same Ernesto is this pithy remark:
“If you tremble with indignation at every injustice then you are a comrade of mine.”
Che Guevara was one of Comrade Ng’ang’a Thiongo’s favourite authors and mentors.
With the remains of our late brother lying in a morgue somewhere in the Kenyan capital, the issue of closure and justice for the victims and survivors of state repression becomes even more poignant.
As I indicated in my previous essay on TJRC and its embattled Chair, the question of truth, justice and reconciliation is NOT an “academic” discourse for all those who went through those indignities and horrors. It is a very personal matter. Some of us cringe when we hear some people pontificating that this is NOT the time to talk about truth and justice.
For those of us who do NOT believe in an afterlife, we know this is our one and only shot at telling our story-when we are still this side of the grave; when we are still breathing and kicking. Some of us do not want our tales to be told as eulogies when we are being interred in premature graves. We have voice; we have memory; we have rage; we have demands and we want to express these ourselves, through our own mouths not through well meaning interlocutors who will paraphrase our indignation as they attempt to channel our thoughts and sentiments posthumously.
Although this sounds superfluous, it is perhaps necessary to remind some of my readers that Onyango Oloo is ALSO a survivor victimized by the Moi-KANU dictatorship that I not only feel the pain of my fellow survivors but that I live it every second of every minute of every hour of every day of every month of every year that I continue to live on this planet.
I am stating this obvious truth given some of the phone calls I have been getting of late with some people suggesting that perhaps I do not want to see "true justice” for the victims of Wagalla, Bagalla, Burnt Forest, Kisumu, Likoni, Muoroto and elsewhere.
Just yesterday, one of my comrades called me when I was taking lunch in one of those dingy Nairobi eateries to complain that he had "heard" that I was one of the people "supporting Kiplagat" and that it was important for us to be on the same page!
As if I was not part of the same sentence, leave alone the page!
What pissed me off particularly is that this comrade had not even READ my essay but was the latest to be reached in an ongoing whispering civil society campaign against me.
But I digress a bit.
The opening salvo of this two part series of essays, In Defence of Kiplagat, elicited a wide range of reactions and emotions, from enthusiastic support to enraged denunciation.
I heard from Kenyans thanking me for articulating their silent, unspoken thoughts.
On the other hand, there were bewildered comments emanating from comrades of long standing who wondered if perhaps, Onyango Oloo had finally lost steam and enthusiasm for the struggle, if I had not just petered out, burnt out, chickened out and opted out from the frontlines of those fighting for a new Kenya.
I was both emboldened and saddened by these polar reactions.
From one end of the spectrum, I felt vindicated by the positive reviews and encouraged by comments that I had given what some of my readers felt was a balanced view, albeit a dangerous view given the fact that I had literally put my neck on the civil society guillotine by going against the grain of mainstream human rights NGOs who had reached a consensus that one, Kiplagat must go for the TJRC to remain credible and two, that perhaps this was NOT the time to set up a truth, justice and reconciliation commission.
Apart from being emboldened and saddened, I was also somewhat amused by some of the depictions which cast me and comrades like Adongo as either “vain” “deluded” or worse as “sell outs” to the struggle.
I say amused because arguing from a consistent Marxist-Leninist perspective I would have thought that some of us had LOWERED the bar considerably even to consider embracing the concept of such a watered down version of the TJRC.
There are basically two strands in the progressive Kenyan community.
On the one hand you find the REFORMISTS who believe you can tinker and tailor with the existing capitalist-based neo-colonial system in Kenya, urging democratic transitions here, judicial adjustments there, police shake ups over here and platforms in which victims of past injustices can vent their spleen over there.
On the other hand you find the Kenyan REVOLUTIONARIES who believe that without thoroughly overhauling the system and putting in place measures to make a complete break with the prevailing mode of production, political formations and the related infrastructures of neo-colonialism, anything you do for change would amount to farting in the wind.
These two categories are NOT separated by an ideological Chinese Wall.
Rather, it is imperative to underscore that the two camps fluidly and dialectically mesh, mould and flow into one another.
For instance, many reformists eventually embrace revolutionary positions and postures once they realize that the enemies of reform, to paraphrase the late JF Kennedy make revolution inevitable by making reforms impossible.
Then you have the situation facing radicals and militants who have to deal with concrete reality when they confront the fact that sometimes the only way to be a CONSISTENT REVOLUTIONARY is to be at the forefront of democratic, constitutional, economic, social, cultural and technological REFORMS as the only safeguard that the wananchi will embrace the need for mass mobilization and more militant platforms as they are sensitized to the fact that ruling elites throughout history have rarely conceded an inch without a tenacious fight.
It is this THIRD scenario that best describes somebody like Onyango Oloo and by extension, most of us who cut our teeth in the clandestine Kenyan socialist oriented movements of the late 1970s and early 1980s.
We realize that even though we still dream nostalgically of a glorious socialist future, we are cognizant of the historic counter-revolutionary reverses especially following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the bureaucratic aberrations of Eastern Europe which caricatured themselves as “actually existing socialist countries”.
We are ruefully aware that away from the international front-lines, within Kenya we lost a lot of ground because of our supercilious sectarian mistakes which propelled some of us to shun the mass democratic movement of the early 1990s when we lampooned the efforts of the Rubias and Matibas to agitate for formal political pluralism, dismissing these former KANU insiders as charlatans, impostors and opportunists jumping on the social change bandwagon after decades of feeding at the overflowing troughs of neo-colonial greed and personal aggrandizement.
That is why we see NO CONTRADICTION in fighting for reforms while holding on to revolutionary positions. We see the two as dialectically connected.
On of our most famous gurus taught us a long time ago that the most consistent path to revolution is through being at the forefront of democratic reforms.
As we grew up ideologically we abandoned the purist, sectarian illusions and delusions of our political youth recognizing that revolutionary ideas only become a revolutionary force once the wananchi embrace these ideas- in other words, it is only when hundreds of thousands of Kenyans, realize, from their own concrete lived experiences that the ultimate solution is far reaching national radical transformation that we will make that quantum leap.
In 1992 a section of the Kenyan Left boycotted the elections because KANU and Moi were still in power.
Unfortunately for such comrades, the Kenyan wananchi who were politically hungry and hankering for democratic change went ahead and embraced ANYBODY who was even remotely seen to be waving the banner of reforms.
As a consequence, charlatans from the Moi-KANU yesteryears repackaged themselves as “democrats” even “second liberationists” who were elected to parliament with landslides before the voters realized that underneath the freshly painted “reformist” veneer lurked a throwback to the KANU old guard. This was a bitter lesson repeated in 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007.
My point is that in the process of fighting for a new Kenya we must have a firm revolutionary strategic agenda while being extremely flexible in terms of immediate and short term tactics. These tactics must pass the litmus test of being grounded in people-centred principles rather than ephemeral political expediency.
I will use this approach to suggest another way of looking at the TJRC process.
But before I do that, let us revisit The Case Against Kiplagat.
Instead of paraphrasing, let me reproduce verbatim a statement released on February 16, 2010 by the International Centre for Policy and Conflict, one of the Kenyan civil society organization at the forefront of agitating for the removal of Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat as Chair of the TJRC:
Press Statement
Tuesday February 16, 2010
Kiplagat must be held accountable for his past
The International Center for Policy and Conflict support the move by Kenyans on vigorously pressurizing Ministers, Permanent Secretaries and other holders of public office on accountability and corruption. In this regard, we find it curious that despite compelling evidence tabled before the Truth Justice and Reconciliation Commission (TJRC) Commissioners, Kenyans are conveniently turning a blind eye on Chairman of the TJRC Amb Bethwel Kiplagat, against whom enormous evidence has been adduced.
He lacks legal and moral probity to be at the helm of the Commission. It is very clear that at no one given time had the victims and or Kenyans ever questioned whether Kiplagat is legally in the office or not, or as to whether he is executing the mandate of the Commission. Kiplagat's assertions yesterday are clever tactics of avoiding the address himself to the evidence before him. We need not remind Kenyans that TJRC unlike other commissions of inquiry is and must as of necessity be victims centered.
We find it unacceptable to practice double standards. While on one hand we are vigorously pressurizing holders of public offices to account for the corruption and impunity they presided over, on the other, we are conveniently turning a blind eye of such a fundamental process like Truth Commission. We must face truth to uncover the past truth. Kiplagat must be held accountable for his past record.
Ambassador Kiplagat constant quoting and assertion of his legal and mandate are diversionary tactics from addressing the core issues at heart of victims and Kenyans: Accountability of his past role in human rights violations and beneficiary of public land. We stand by our position that his appointment contravenes the provisions of Article 10 (6) (a) (b) (c) read together with article 6 (b). Kenyans need to understand that according to the Act the Chair has the sole responsibility of "directing and supervising the work of the Commission".
The fact that Kiplagat is adversely mentioned in the Commission Inquiry into the Irregular/ Illegal Allocation(Ndung’u Report) is enough prove that he fails on account of the provisions of Section 10 of the Truth Justice and Reconciliation(TJRC) Act 2008. The Act clear stipulates, thus “Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (5), no person shall be qualified for appointment as a Commissioner unless such person---- (a) is of good character and integrity, (b) has not in any way been involved, implicated, linked or associated with human rights violations of any kind or in any matter which is to be investigated under this Act. TJRC is expected to investigate and scrutiny of historical land questions.
We have in the last two weeks tabled compelling evidence on Kiplagat’s involvement in part of the dark past that the TJRC is mandated to uncover other than other strong pointers of iniquity. We would like Kiplagat and to an extent the commissioners to controvert the evidence we have so far provided.
We find it also embarrassing for Justice and Constitutional Affairs Minister Mutula Kilonzo to challenges those with evidence to address it to his office. It is clear that we have given Kiplagat and his team not only enough evidence but also particulars thereof on his unfitness to head TJRC. It is in the spirit of holding people accountable to their action in public offices that we challenge Kiplagat and his team to address the issues raised other than skirting around them. We further urge Kenyans not to be assuage into accepting double speak on accountability.
Signed by
Ndung’u Wainaina
Executive Director
International Center for Policy and Conflict
Ndung’u Wainaina
Executive Director
International Center for Policy and Conflict
P.O. Box 44564 -00100 Nairobi, KENYA
Tel: +254 722 425 167 +254 20 247 3042
E-MAIL:wainaina.n@gmail.com
admin@icpcafrica.org
Website: www.icpcafrica.org
More specifically an earlier document jointly published on February 7, 2010 by the Centre for Multi-Party Democracy and the International Center for Policy and Conflict on behalf of half a dozen other human rights-based NGOs details the concerns of civil society bodies at the forefront of demanding the resignation of Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat:
PRESS STATEMENT
IMPUNITY-FREE TJRC BOGGED BY CHAIR’ S CREDIBILITY CRISIS
Sunday 7th February, 2010
We want to state categorically that Kenyans quest for an impunity-free, credible and dependable Truth Justice and Reconciliation Commission is undeterred. Kenyans have had enough of 37 or so public pressure pacifying commissions and task forces that consume billions of hard won tax payers’ money with little or not impact at all because of lack of implementation. Kenyans do not want a TJRC which is an accomplice to perpetuating impunity; they need one that is an agent of transitional justice.
We are back here in our persistent call for the resignation of the Commissioners en masse for allowing an illegal and irregular process to proceed and for refusing to heed Kenyans calls to deal with the various anomalies in both the law and the composition of the Commissioners. In order for this commission to be successful it must be made up of members with un-impeachable integrity who do not have a point to prove. This commission must not only have the power but the political will to follow the truth however painful to wherever it goes. This is too important to leave to an assumption. The process leading to the setting up of this TJRC strayed from the law governing the process and our fundamental principles of integrity, accountability and legitimacy. The TJRC must hold itself to a higher goal and a higher power as it is a fundamental component of the justice-seeking step towards reconciliation for Kenya. As part of the process, the commission after knowing the truth should be empowered to remedy including awarding compensation to the victims.
Our country's greatness has to be guided and supported by our willingness to take a serious and thorough look at our mistakes. While it may be unpleasant, not doing so would compound the error, and increase the chances that it would be repeated. We cannot continue being a hypocritical nation that only lives up to its ideals when it is convenient. It is our time and within our capacity to change the course of history for this nation, this is not the time to blink or close our eyes pretending that all is well. Hardly anything is well.
We remain convinced that only an independent truth commission that yields the necessary credibility, legitimacy and confidence of Kenyans would be the surest way to conduct a thorough investigation of all that went wrong over our horrendous past, so that we can genuinely get to the full truth and hold lawbreakers accountable. It would be a big mistake to waste such a historic opportunity by allowing the current TJRC to proceed with impunity.
In this regard we would like to communicate the following to the people of Kenya:
Civil society’s role is to critically scrutinize and monitor the TJRC as a necessary ally in achieving sustainable peace in Kenya based on the rule of law and human rights while exercising constructive engagement.
We stand on principle. If Kenyans and our international friends mean what they say in dismantling impunity they must not appear to condone or endorse it.
The provisions of the Section 10 (6) (a) (b) (c) of the TJR 2008 Act are very central to our impunity-free, credible and dependable Truth Commission demand. We quote them yet again, “Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (5), no person shall be qualified for appointment as a Commissioner unless such person---- (a) is of good character and integrity, (b) has not in any way been involved, implicated, linked or associated with human rights violations of any kind or in any matter which is to be investigated under this Act; and c) shall be impartial in the performance of the functions of the Commission under this Act and who will generally enjoy the confidence of the people of Kenya”. These provisions read together with Section 6(functions of the Commission) of the TJR Act 2008, specifically 6(b) --- “investigate the context in which and causes and circumstances under which the violations and abuses occurred and identify the individuals, public institutions, organizations, public office holders, the state, state actors, or persons purporting to have acted on behalf of any public body responsible for or involved in the violations and abuses”.
Kenyans have to understand the enormity of implication of overlooking Section 11 (4) which provides inter alia: - “supervise and direct the work of the commission”. The assertion that the Commission is developing a code of conduct on conflict of interest is a diversionary tactic based on jurisprudence of convenience that cannot withstand the slightest juridical surgery. It can never override the explicit provisions of the TJR Act, 2008.
In respect to these provisions in the TJR Act 2008; we give evidence which questions the integrity on the person of the chair as below:
Corruption and land grabbing:
H.E. Ambassador Bethwel (Bethuel) Kiplagat is named in the Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Illegal/Irregular Allocation of Public Land (popularly known as the Ndung’u Commission of June 2004) as beneficiary of public land: page 798 Volume 1; Item 104: HG544 L.R. No. 3734/83, Lavington, 0.354 Ha; allocated 1988: with the subsequent recommendation by the presidential commission that the allocation be revoke. (see attached details);
We have further information that property LR. No. 575, a farm in Trans Nzoia was to be allocated @ 10 acres per member of the Liyavo Farmers Cooperative but with President Moi’s interference every member was allocated 5acres with instructions that the balance of 120 acres be allocated to H.E Bethwel (Bethuel) Kiplagat which he later sold to former PS. Finance; Mr. Joseph Mahero Oyula (see attached details).
Political and Human Rights:
As High Commissioner in the UK, he received several petitions from 1982 by the London Committee for the Release Political Prisoners in Kenya (RPP) to forward and appeal to former President Daniel Arap Moi (see a copy of such an appeal). However instead of assisting the victims of torture and political detention as named in those reports, the Amb. seems to have used the information to implicate human rights campaigners like Hon. Dr. Wanyiri Kihoro – detained in 1986 for three years (after spending three months under torture in the infamous Nyayo House). In his book ‘Never Say Die’ Kihoro gives details of the grounds for his detention which were delivered to him in Naivasha Prison as follows: ‘…that when you were in London, between January 1982-Jan 1986, you were involved in activities which were dangerous to the good government of Kenya in that you coordinated the activities of the Committee of the Release Political Prisoners in Kenya’.
In his book ‘Blood on the Runway: The Wagalla Massacre of 1984’ Abjad Howartz Xudayi (also known as S. Abdi Sheikh) who is also a founding member of the Truth Be Told Network; a lobby group working to bring the perpetrators of Wagalla Massacre to justice, Xudayi tells the readers that as Permanent Secretary Foreign Affairs Amb. Kiplagat is said to have participated in a high level security meeting on or around 7th-8th February 1984 – his name appears among others in the visitors’ book at Wajir District Commissioners office and in the DC’s annual report as a participant in a high level Security Committee meeting which is alleged to have subsequently ordered the actions which led to the infamous Wagalla Massacre.
Credibility on the international peace processes:
Amb. Kiplagat has defended himself on his peace role in Somalia. Look at how far peace is from Somalia;
His role in Mozambique and work with the Renamo rebel group has been challenged including facilitating the rebel leader Afonso Dhlakama with a Kenyan passport to fight an independent African government;
Conclusion:
The Chair being the most visible embodiment of the Commission, his credibility has to be above reproach. The wheeling and dealing at the international and local level is beginning to emerge as the core character otherwise, why would Amb. Kiplagat force himself on Kenyans and refuse to back down after so many people who do not know each other, and have never met before, quote him in a number of instances even in books which he is not on record as having challenged before yesterday.
The perception that Amb. Bethuel Kiplagat has a human rights record to defend is a terrible misfortune that will adversely affect the work and performance of the TJRC. For instance, there will be individuals and even communities that will ignore the TJRC because of lack of confidence and trust in the institution resulting in an ineffective commission or one that will emerge with insufficient, insignificant and an inaccurate report.
Our position is to advocate with vigour for an independent, impunity-free TJRC that enjoys the confidence of all Kenyans and reaffirm our position that Amb. Bethuel Kiplagat must resign and allow Kenyans to proceed with their reform agenda. He has fallen far short of satisfying the legal and public requirements of the job so that he could effectively deliver on truth, justice and reconciliation.
Signed by;
Njeri Kabeberi, Centre for Multi-party Democracy (CMD-Kenya)
Ndung’u Wainaina, International Centre for Policy and Conflict, ICPC
On behalf of:
Haki Focus
Transitional Justice Working Group
Victims’ Rights Advocacy League
Center for Human Rights and Democracy
Kenya Land Alliance
Coast Peace Network
On Wednesday, February 17, 2010, the Kenya Human Rights Commission in a statement signed by their Chairperson Professor Makau Mutua released their official position on Ambassador Kiplagat basically making three demands: the immediate resignation of Kiplagat as Chair of TJRC; failure to which the Chief Justice should constitute a panel to investigate the allegations against Ambassador Kiplagat and thirdly, if and when Kiplagat is out a Selection Panel in liaison with the Parliamentary Committee of Legal Affairs and Administration of Justice should embark on a process of getting his replacement.
In my earlier digital essay, titled In Defence of Ambassador Kiplagat, I attempted to give the other side of the story and I will just repeat the relevant excerpt:
So what if he was a senior official who served under Moi?
Mwai Kibaki was Moi’s lieutenant and a senior minister under Kenyatta yet in 2002, he was elected by a landslide by millions of Kenyans with human rights activists and civil society bodies at the forefront in embracing him as THE REFORM candidate against Moi’s handpicked successor, Uhuru Kenyatta.
One of the people said to have helped organized the brutal public flogging of Reverend Timothy Njoya is a senior cabinet minister, belonging to ODM, a party in the Coalition government that many Kenyans associate with reforms.
There are countless others.
Therefore merely serving under Moi is not reason ENOUGH to condemn Ambassador Kiplagat.
How about the business with the RENAMO bandits?
Well, I did take my time to do my research.
I spent about two hours perusing a book I found online titled Ending Mozambique's War: the role of mediation and good offices by Cameron R. Hume which runs to 162 pages and was published in 1994. The book details the role played by Ambassador Kiplagat in the peace mediation efforts to reconcile the warring factions of the ruling FRELIMO government and the rebel RENAMO movement. It is clear from the narrative in the book that Kiplagat was appointed by the Kenyan government as a mediator and was included in the peace process first as an observer, and later at the insistence of RENAMO, as a fully fledged mediator. It is true that he was very close to the rebel group and was in some instances more of an advisor of RENAMO rather than an impartial mediator. He helped to facilitate the stay and passage through Kenya of high ranking RENAMO officials- but strictly in the context of the regional and international mediation efforts to restore peace to Mozambique. There is nothing in the public domain which indicates that either personally or as an emissary of the Kenyan government did Ambassador Kiplagat arm or finance RENAMO’s bloody carnage. If there are any other facts that contradict my assertion, I would be happy to see them.
Apart from Mozambique, Ambassador Kiplagat has been involved in conflict transformation processes in neighbouring Uganda, Sudan and Somalia.
Did Kiplagat attend a security meeting just before the Wagalla Massacre? According to a recent interview carried by one of the Kenyan dailies, he denies this.
My second reason for defending Kiplagat has to do with my own personal interaction with the man.
I remember moderating a daylong meeting on the 22nd of December 2006 held at the Professional Centre in downtown Nairobi featuring hundreds of slum dwellers from Mathare and other informal settlements in and around the Kenyan capital. The focus of the gathering was to bring different tribes and communities together to dialogue around the then raging violent conflicts in places like Mathare. The grass roots organizers who put the event together were largely members of the radical Bunge la Mwananchi social movement. And one of their key supporters was none other than Ambassador Kiplagat (through Friends of Sports in Kenya) who along with the feisty and fearless Ms. Philo Ikonya and civil society leader Achoka Awori from the Sayari think tank were the main panellists at the meeting. The well attended event came up with very key recommendations around peace-building and conflict transformation. At the end of the meeting I could see Luos and Gikuyus hugging and pumping each other’s hands and I do know activists from both communities who later on carried on the spirit generated by this meeting to hold reconciliation and peace meetings in the same neighbourhoods at the height of the 2008 post election violence. How do I know all this? Well apart from moderating the session, I still have the DVD which covered every single minute for posterity. And lest you think my recording is fake, I will have you know that it was captured by none other than the intrepid PK Thumbi from the NCEC who Cyprian Nyamwamu, Kepta Ombati and Sophie Dola can vouch for.
Almost two years later, I still recall vividly something that Ambassador Kiplagat did at the height of the Kenyan post election violence in early 2008. Some of my readers may remember a period when those patriotic Kenyans who happened to be of Gikuyu heritage and were working for peace, conflict transformation and national reconciliation were targeted with direct death threats. I am talking about death threats to people like Maina Kiai, Muthoni Wanyeki, David Ndii, Njeri Kabeberi and dozens of others working under the auspices of Kenyans for Peace, Truth and Justice. One of the less known activists in this category was a young militant known for his community organizing with Bunge la Mwananchi. He had been one of the main conveners of that December 2006 Professional Centre peace gathering that I mentioned above. He is one of the people who blew the whistle on the alleged meeting which took place in the State House just before the 2007 elections to plan the violence. He soon found himself on a death list and immediately went underground. Due to a number of developments that I won’t go into in the public domain, including some mistakes of his own, he found himself very vulnerable and trapped in the country. Guess who assisted him to leave the country and save his head from being separated from his body?
The same Ambassador Kiplagat.
My third reason for asking that we should not focus on Kiplagat and other personalities has to do with a few recent deaths involving some comrades that I have known for many years.
In early February 2010 we lost George Mwaura Mburu, one of the founders, along with comrades like Dr. Njenga Kaberere of the People’s Party of Kenya in the early 1990s. The late Mwaura was an indefatigable fighter for Kenya’s national liberation. Before him, Gibson Maina who was a close associate of Koigi wa Wamwere (I remember meeting Maina in Dar es Salaam in 1988 when I was an exile in Tanzania) also went to an early grave after an unequal battle with cancer. In November 2009 we also lost Paddy Onyango Sumba, a veteran patriot and democrat who came back to Kenya in 2001 after spending 19 years in Sweden where he had led the exiled ODK and been part of the diasporic movement confronting the Moi-KANU dictatorship.
All these, and many more dozens of comrades who were victimized by the one party dictatorship (whether in the penitentiaries of Kamiti, Naivasha, Kodiaga and so on or the wider maximum prison known as the Republic of Kenya) have gone to their graves with their stories untold- either in the form of biographies, or more poignantly, as testimonies to the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission.
How many more ex political prisoners, former exiles, survivors of the Nyayo House Torture chambers, witnesses to the atrocities committed in northern Kenya and elsewhere will die as we continue to wrangle whether or not Ambassador Kiplagat is the most appropriate Chair for the TJRC?
How long will people like my former Toronto housemate Adongo Ogony and my former cell mate Omondi K’abir fester in the frigid climes of Canada and Norway respectively, awaiting their turn to talk, as in Adongo’s case about the callous and casual brutality of the notorious Special Branch beast Opiyo, or as in K’abir’s case, the ORIGINAL water logged torture cells set up in Naivasha prison to break the will of hundreds of innocent Air Force servicemen?
How long will the women who were raped by the GSU, AP and other security personnel in Kisumu, Kibera, Dandora, Eldoret and elsewhere during the 2008 mayhem wait to share their anguish and stories of survival as some of our comrades in the human rights community insist on the conclusion of court cases to turf out Kiplagat and his TJRC team?
And with all due respect, to my activist comrades and friends, is Betty Kaari Murungi, who is YES, married to James Orengo really the ENEMY of Kenyans seeking truth, justice and reconciliation?
For the above excerpt, I earned the ire, befuddlement and even loss of respect from a gamut of comrades and friends in the civil society sector who felt and still feel that I was undermining the struggle against impunity and becoming a latter day apologist of the very system and forces that arrested me, held me in communicado, hauled me before a kangaroo court, sentenced me to a long prison term where I was incarcerated in one of Africa’s most notorious penitentiaries where I underwent sub human and dehumanizing, brutal treatment for my temerity in raising my voice for freedom, democracy, justice and equality.
Well, I will not attempt a “defence” of Onyango Oloo because I am not the subject of this essay.
For now, let me go back to the book, Blood on The Runway by Salah Sheikh which narrates, in excruciating, vivid detail the atrocities meted out to Kenyans from the Degodia clan of the Somali community during the notorious Wagalla Massacre of February 1984.
I managed to download the manuscript from Scribd.Com as a free PDF ebook.
I read every single word, comma, semi-colon, exclamation point, paragraph and chapter from page 1 to page 162.
So captivating was this real tale of contemporary Kenyan horror that I was engrossed in the book for a solid three hours from eleven thirty on a recent weekday night.
Kudos to the author (who was only six years old in 1984) for recording for posterity this crime against humanity committed by vicious thugs in official Kenyan security uniform meting out collective punishment against defenceless Kenyan women, men and children in pursuit of a state terrorist agenda during the time of former President Daniel arap Moi.
Below is the list of prominent government bureaucrats and securocrats whose names are found in the visitor’s log as having attended a macabre meeting to plan the horrific massacre at Wagalla in February 1984:
The members assembled included the three District Commissioners, the Provincial Police Commissioner, the various Armed Forces Commandants and other Civil Servants. The members of parliament may or may not have attended this meeting. The District Commissioner for Wajir is rumoured to have objected to the severity of the action. He was later to be sent on leave for the period following this meeting for his odd view. The new Acting District Commissioner was M. M. Tiema who was charged with the task of carrying out the operation.
The knowledge of these events is very scant except that the meeting took place and the action agreed upon was disarmament through punishment. The original documents have not been discovered yet. The problem of piecing together from verbal account is that each witness to the event may not recall accurately what transpired.
The action of the National Security Committee and the Provincial Security Committee were based on historical events. The practice of collective punishment was common from the colonial days. The action did not specify the venue of torture, the method and the duration of detention. The details were left to the commanders on the ground.
The Provincial Security Committee (PSC) also forwarded their recommendation to the District Security Committee (DSC) of Wajir District. A meeting was planned. The
meeting became more like a National Security Committee meeting because records show that high-ranking civil servants including permanent secretaries were in
attendance. We obtained typed pages of the visitors’ book at the District Commissioner’s Office. The District Commissioner himself was sent on a temporally leave and the meetings were chaired by District Officer 1, M. M. Tiema who was acting as DC.
Many civil servants who attended this meeting included some who at the time of writing these lines are close to the current government. The former Finance Minister, David Mwiraria, the former ambassador, Bethuel Kiplagat and the Former Provincial Commissioner of Nairobi, Joseph Kaguthi, were in attendance at this meeting. Others include the late Ahmed Abdi Ogle, former Wajir South MP, John Gituma, the then Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Brig. J. R. Kibwana of Department of Defence at the time, B. N. Macharia of the Treasury, Z.J.M Kimencu a Deputy Secretary in the Office of the President, J. P. Gitui from Police Headquarters, J.P.Mwangovya of the Office of the President, Charles M.Aswani, the Provincial Police Officer of North Eastern Province, Lt. Col. H.F.K. Muhindi, J.K.Kinyanjui, Director of Land Adjudication and other high-ranking individuals in the Moi regime.
There was one significant difference between the previous security meetings of the Wajir DSC and this particular meeting; both MPs from Degodia community were barred from attending the meeting. The former Minister for Labour, the late Ahmed Khalif consulted the then Wajir South MP, Ahmed Abdi Ogle for information on what was discussed. Ogle told Khalif that the Degodia were in trouble.
So there it is then, in black and white, the name of Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat listed among the planners of the Wagalla Massacre.
A few hours after I posted the original version of this essay, I came across the following Standard news article on internal dissent within the TJRC itself over the continued stewardship of Ambassador Kiplagat.
Let us do this:
Let us NOT even attempt any kind of “exoneration” of Ambassador Kiplagat.
But hey!
Let us read further in the book.
Somewhere towards the end, the author, Salah Sheikh has Chapter Nine entitled, “Who Is to Blame?” which runs from page 108 to 115 (at least in the electronic PDF version residing in my flash disk).
Then there is this interesting passage that runs from page 113 to 114:
The vice president of Kenya in 1984 was one ambitious Mwai Kibaki who became the president of the country in 2002 and who at the time of writing these lines is still leading the country. Mwai Kibaki may behave like he heard, saw and did no evil in 1984 but I am not convinced at all that his role was that of a bystander.
Kibaki also brought back the disgraced and retired Benson Kaaria from retirement and appointed him as a director of Kenya Medical Supplies Agency. Benson Kaaria was the face of the oppressors as the survivors of the massacre tell us that he toured the area aboard a helicopter directing the operation for the duration of five days when the worst of the massacre was taking place.
So, let us go ahead and REMOVE Ambassador Kiplagat as TJRC Chair the day after tomorrow- that is, if we cannot do it this very afternoon.
Further, let us choose among the many paragons of civil society virtue- for indeed, there are many worthy patriotic daughters and sons of the soil who are more than equal to of steering MV TJRC- to IMMEDIATELY replace the disgraced and apparently blood stained white haired veteran diplomat as Chairperson of the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission.
Voila!
The TJRC would be on course to pursue its historic mandate.
Let us assume that under this new civil society management it performs a marvellous, stupendous and all round stellar task and caps it all with a brilliant final report which names names and details far reaching recommendations for action.
Now it is time for the Big Photo Opportunity.
The time to present the final report with the glare of flashing digital cameras and other heavy duty broadcast arsenal in a throng of barking media hounds.
We know who is going to hand over the report-you know, the White-As-Snow New and Improved TJRC Chair of course.
But who is the report being handed over TO?
Well, assuming that this is done before the end of 2012 and there are no major political fatalities at the top echelons of power, it will be handed over to NONE OTHER THAN…
Drum rolls please….
His Excellency the President and First Principal Emilio Mwai Kibaki CGH, EGH, Commander in Chief of the Kenyan Armed Forces.
Just a sec, just a second folks.
Is the same Mwai Kibaki who, was not only Daniel arap Moi’s immediate Number 2, but more importantly for our purposes in this essay, the HEAD of the National Security Council WHICH PLANNED AND EXECUTED THE WAGALLA MASSACRE?
Of course it is because Mwai Kibaki, Moi’s former lieutenant, is today, Mwai Kibaki the current sitting President of this conflicted, impunity ridden Republic of Kenyans.
Dear Reader:
Let me ask YOU a particularly STUPID question:
Humour me a little because sometimes I am a bit slow witted:
Between Mwai Kibaki, the HEAD of the National Security Council and Ambassador Kiplagat, who attended (we have agreed, have we not, that this indeed was the case, ama?) the fateful planning meeting in his capacity as the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which former high ranking official of the Moi regime- Kibaki or Kiplagat-is MORE CULPABLE for the planning and execution of the Wagalla Massacre?
Dear Reader:
I tricked you.
My apologies.
It was a NOT a “stupid” question.
It was a RHETORICAL question with the answer screaming in your face!
Stay with me for another two minutes on this, dear reader.
In the whole crescendo of civil society’s booming rage demanding the immediate removal of Ambassador Kiplagat as TJRC Chair, have I heard ONE WHIMPER linking President Mwai Kibaki, not only to the Wagalla Massacre, but also to his “supervisory” role in the TJRC process?
If there has been that tiny whimper, then I have not heard it-I obviously need to urgently book an early appointment with a reputable Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist.
The time is 1994.
Who is the Secretary General of the United Nations turning a blind eye to all these atrocities?
One Kofi Annan.
Let me reproduce a Reuters news dispatch from 1998:
Rwanda Genocide Survivors Say Annan Part Responsible
by Corinne Dufka
Reuters
May 8, 1998
Survivors of Rwanda's genocide said Thursday that United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan bore a heavy responsibility for the 1994 massacres of an estimated 800,000 people. In an open letter to Annan, the genocide survivors group Ibuka said the U.N. decision to pull out its forces at the advent of three months of killings had disastrous consequences.
Annan, who was due in Rwanda later Thursday as part of an eight-nation African tour, was head of U.N. peace-keeping operations in 1994. ``In taking that unfortunate decision to pull out its blue helmets the U.N. condemned almost 1.5 million people to certain death,'' said the letter signed by Ibuka president Jean Bosco Rutagengwa and dated Wednesday. ``This act is considered without doubt an offense of non-assistance to a people in danger and yourself and the organization you head up bear a heavy responsibility.''
The letter said Annan's office knew in advance a genocide was being planned but did little to prevent it. It was referring to reports that Annan's office effectively dismissed a warning from the commander of peacekeeping troops in Rwanda on January 11, 1994, three months before the killings of minority Tutsis and many Hutu moderates started. Annan said in the Kenyan capital Nairobi Monday the lack of strong will was the key ingredient for the failures of U.N. peacekeeping in Rwanda. Ibuka, a politically powerful group in Rwanda, suggested a series of ways in which the United Nations could help the country to recover from the genocide.
These included catching genocide suspects living abroad and returning them to Rwanda for trial, setting up an international fund for genocide survivors and instituting a national day in memory of genocide victims. Individual genocide survivors said Annan's visit would be difficult, given what happened. ``They (the U.N. peace-keepers) totally let us down,'' said one survivor, 32, who declined to be named. ``Those who stayed here stayed here without doing anything. The United Nations did not make Rwanda a priority. It wasn't very important to them,'' said the survivor, who lost his parents and four siblings in the genocide. ``I was hiding in a church with my three children. I remember hearing that the United Nations was leaving. We felt so disappointed.'' Another survivor, who works as a telephone technician and also declined to be identified, said he was saved only by hiding at the Mille Cillines hotel in Kigali. ``I was on my way to the Mille Collines on the 13th April and I saw U.N. trucks passing by people as they were being killed on the street,'' said the technician, who lost between 30 and 40 members of his extended family. ``I knew then they were not going to do anything to help us. One can't just blame (military peacekeeping chief Gen. Romeo) Dallaire and Kofi Annan. All of the nations are involved,'' he said. ``I don't think they (the United Nations) understood what these people were capable of doing...It just happened too fast.''
Press on this link to read a personal confession from the guy himself.
The same Eminent African Person who was to spearhead the National Accord in Kenya which among other things set in motion the process that created the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission in Kenya.
Given his CULPABILITY in not doing enough to prevent the Rwanda Genocide of 1994, does the good doctor from Ghana, currently domiciled in the icy climes of Switzerland have a moral leg to perch on lecturing Kenyans about impunity?
Me thinks NOT.
Yet, how have WE, the members of the human rights section of the Kenyan Civil Society sector engaged with Kofi Annan?
Well, since it is too late to engage him in Holy Matrimony, we have done the next best thing:
We have jumped on him like a bunch of over-excited rock and roll groupies accosting their favourite Super Star du jour, covered him with wet kisses and warm hugs while twirling his septuagenarian (or is it octogenarian, I am not sure, but this is an obscure detail) limbs in exuberant waltzes and giddy fox trots belting out paeans and composing 21st century epics for his allegedly seminal role in rescuing Kenyans from themselves.
Holy Cow!
And by the way do you remember sometimes in the year 2006 when the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights conferred an award to one John Njoroge Michuki?
If this little has slipped from your mind, perhaps this PDF document from the KNCHR will help to jog your memory.
Now some of us do not necessarily associate the former Internal Security, Transport and now Environment Kenyan minister with human rights activism.
In fact we tend to associate Michuki with notorious human rights atrocities, especially targeting members and supporters of the Mau Mau liberation movement in the 1950s. His brutal torture methods when he was a young British colonial functionary earned him the sobriquet, "Kimeendero" meaning the "The Crusher" of presumably testicles.
Yet this is the very some man who was SINGLED OUT for an award by a leading Kenyan human rights organization less than five years ago!
Are you still with me, Dear Reader?I suspect I may have lost some of you in the course of the last fourteen paragraphs or so.
So let me rejig my almost forgotten précis skills from my ancient high school days and summarize it one sentence:
IF WE IN KENYAN CIVIL SOCIETY ARE GOING TO HOLD PEOPLE ACCOUNTABLE FOR IMPUNITY THEN WE MUST BE CONSISTENT.
If we say that Kiplagat must go, then what roles do we assign Kibaki, Annan and Company Limited?
You know THREE people who can testify effectively as EXPERTS about the suitability or otherwise of Ambassador Kiplagat?
From the book Blood on the Runway, three names stand out: Fatuma Ibrahim, a Commissioner with the Kenyan National Commission on Human Rights; Mohammed Elmi, the cabinet minister in charge of Northern Kenya Affairs and Yusuf Hassan, founder member of the London-based Committee for the Release of Political Prisoners in Kenya, UKENYA, UMOJA as well the would have been best MP for Kamkunji who was rigged out during the ODM nominations in 2007.
Fatuma Ibrahim is a SURVIVOR and therefore a WITNESS of the Wagalla Massacre.
Mohammed Elmi who was then a progressive ACTIVIST with Oxfam GB, RESCUED some of the victims, DOCUMENTED and PHOTOGRAPHED the genocide and BLEW THE WHISTLE to the outside world. As a direct result of his activities, countries like Norway broke off diplomatic relations with the Moi regime for TEN YEARS while Western states like the UK, Canada and others opened their doors to Kenyans who fled from that genocidal atrocity in northern Kenya.
When I lived in Canada I met and worked with Abdi Yalahow, currently a teacher in the Ottawa Capital region who had just moved to North America from Britain where he had worked with the Kenyan revolutionary patriot Yusuf Hassan in exposing the Moi regime from their base in London.
My comrades Adongo Ogony, Wangari Muriuki and Kathure Kebaara in Toronto must remember all those years we worked with Yalahow and Kenyans from the Somali community in mounting protests outside the Kenyan High Commission on 514 Laurier Street East in Ottawa in annual commemorations of the Wagalla Massacre- that is when we were not denouncing the grisly slaying of Robert Ouko or demanding truth and justice for the Muoroto victims of police brutality.
Dada Fatuma na Ndugu Elmi, bila kumsahau komredi Yusuf bin Hassan:
By the way, the author of Blood on the Runway, the book which is currently Exhibit A in the Case Against Kiplagat-I am talking about the brilliant Salah Abdi Sheikh- is ironically, VEHEMENTLY OPPOSED to the VERY IDEA of a Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission, believe it or not.
Here is the relevant passage capturing his views (contained in Chapter Thirteen: Truth for Amnesty? in the same book):
… The Truth, Reconciliation and Justice Commission is designed to exonerate criminals…
Two very interesting reasons may suffice. First truth commissions are formed in countries, which suffered civil wars leading to polarization into tribes, races or religions. The commission is supposed to halt the thirst for revenge among the population and bring about of form of settlement where the different parties can agree to forgive the past and go a head in peaceful co-existence. For instance Somalia today will need a truth commission to settle the pending scores among the population caused by the war of the last decade. Killers here will go scot-free if they come clean and ask for amnesty since they are on both sides of the divide.
Secondly, a truth commission is formed where the population overthrows an atrocious dictatorship and replaces it with a democracy. In this case the power is in the hands of those who in the past were brutalized. Since the victims are the ones who wield the sword then the option to offer amnesty for truth is within their grasp.
Here killers will scot-free because of the hand of mercy extended to them by their victims.
The reasons being given in Kenya for the appointment of Truth and Justice Commission are not adequate. Kenya’s truth commission suffers a credibility problem; the president of the Republic of Kenya is not neutral. Mr. Kibaki was the Vice-president when some of the worst crimes of genocide including Wagalla massacre were committed in Kenya. He may not have had a direct hand in the crime but the concept of negligence still applies to him. Mr. Kibaki’s lieutenants were also some of the people who are likely to be investigated in case such a commission is formed. The truth commission being advanced in Kenya for political expediency and advancement of academic discourse. It is for political expediency because the truth itself is not in any dispute but wider political interests are being served by being seen to be doing something. Whilst the government is relentlessly pursuing the Goldenberg and the economic menace, it is recommending amnesty for genocide suspects and even appointing some into public service.
The NGOs being used to push through this commission have had interests in research and inter-disciplinary studies in this matter and hence advancement of academic discourse. Being appointed to such a position as a commissioner in the TRC is a lucrative possibility for all.
The million-dollar question is will it settle the horrors of the past? Or will it be used to witch-hunt one side and whitewash the truth on the other? It is more likely that a concept that some thought will be a panacea for their problems might actually form into their nightmare.
Truth and Reconciliation commission is a body that is usually formed in order to try and understand why a powerful class of society used crude and inhuman methods against the lower class members of the society after such powerful members were disarmed of their excessive power and privilege.
It was used in Argentina after the military dictatorship fell and a democratically elected government was formed. It was used in South Africa after the white minority rule was dethroned and it was used in Sierra Leone after a war that divided the country into warring factions on a tribal footing.
The common factor among these commissions is that they were constituted after the powerful clique that terrorized the public were disarmed. The perpetrators of the crimes had used a policy (say apartheid of South Africa), a dictatorship (Argentina) and war (Sierra Leone) to justify their heinous actions. The perpetrators at the time of committing the crimes were following the procedure that they developed to commit these crimes. They could hardly therefore be called as common criminals.
Kenya has had a relatively dictatorial past. But this does not fall either in the category of war, apartheid or military dictatorship. A TRC in Kenya therefore is hopelessly academic exercise designed to exonerate common criminals from the appropriate arm of the law. Such a commission will therefore be abused to deny justice to the victims of extra judicial actions carried out by well-known individuals. It will be a flawed exercise from the beginning.
Real change has not occurred on Kenya. Daniel Arap Moi, Mwai Kibaki, G.G. Kariuki, and other powerful barons of our society have not melted away with the change. The president of this country was either a collaborator to some of these abuses or turned deaf ears while they occurred. Those who want to convince people that Kibaki had no idea of what happened at Wagalla, Garissa and Malka Mari are seriously mistaken or do not credit the president with much intelligence. G.G. Kariuki was on record having uttered words to the effect that a “good Somali is a dead Somali” and is known to have been the powerful Minister of State in the Office of the
President when the Kenya army plundered, raped and robed the people of Garissa in 1982. To tell the truth, NARC, which came to power in 2002, was just as rotten as KANU since it inherited all the debris. No clean plate has been served to Kenyans and that is the fact we have to deal with.
A TRC is a tool used to provide amnesty to people who confess to their crimes and explain why they had to commit to those crimes crude as they were. If they explain to a satisfactory level they go scot-free. For such a system to work the oppressed must have achieved power over the oppressors and be capable of retribution. Has that happened in Kenya? The most oppressed people of Kenya, the Northern Frontier Districts and other parts of Kenya, have not gained any power over the former regime while the cronies of such regimes are still in power. A TRC therefore will be a situation of forcing the oppressed to forgive their oppressors. Such actions will perpetuate the mentality that crimes can be erased from the past of powerful people, sacrificing justice for decorum. Most Kenyans are not ready therefore to commit themselves to such a state unless they have no choice.
Gutmann and Thompson quote the brother of Griffiths Mxenge, a human rights lawyer who had been murdered by the South African police during apartheid, after hearing the confession that gained the perpetrator amnesty: "once you know who did it, you want the next thing — you want justice." They also note these lines from Alex Boraine, deputy chairman of the South African commission, about a woman listening to testimony by the killer of her husband:
After learning for the first time how her husband has died, she was asked if she could forgive the man who did it. Speaking slowly, in one of the native languages, her message came back through the interpreters: "No government can forgive." Pause. "No commission can forgive." Pause. "Only I can forgive." Pause. "And I am not ready to forgive."
Here is the deep moral problem of the truth commission as a substitute for the criminal justice system: It short circuits the mechanisms most societies have established to right wrongs by punishing wrongdoers. And if the South African commission was to compensate victims with money (money which has never been delivered, one must add), who can say that money substitutes for justice? Why does anyone have the right to tell that woman, or Griffiths Mxenge’s family, that the murderers of their loved ones must go free? Gutmann and Thompson ask.
There are at least ten documented massacres in the Northern Frontier Districts. The worst of such massacres in order of gravity include Wagalla, Bagalla, Malka Mari, Garissa and Bulla Qartasi. Other massacres took place in various other places and significant lives were lost. A Typical case in North Eastern province is a family whose grandfather’s camels were massacred by the British, whose father was killed in the emergency by the Kenyatta government whose sons were victims of the Moi government at Wagalla along with the demeaning treatment of rape of their daughters and torture of their mothers. Today they live desolate without any assets and their children have dropped out of school and are addicted to Miraa and “Kuber” in order to dull their pain of existence. Who do you reconcile such people with? The Billionaire Kenyatta family who own farms in the Brazilian Sugar Belt or the Moi family who owns half of the assets of this country? Where do you start? How do you tell me to forgive the man who led to my grandfathers poverty and who today enjoys the same power over me?
In situations like this a TRC is an austerity measure designed to hide these facts. To act as enema that instead of acting as a mechanism for swift delivery of justice clogs the system of delivery so that justice will have to be born through a caesarean section.
Hundreds of thousands of families in the NFD live in this situation and to tell them of TRC is to ignore the historical and economic effects of these massacres.
After 40 years of independence, NFD has not changed even slightly. No system works. Education is in shambles, Health sector is vector-spreading dragon, investment is non-existent and infrastructure is at medieval stage. Poverty is the common factor among our people. It is stupid and utterly insensitive to expect to reconcile us with Kenya on such issues. People in North Eastern are not unaware of the hardships they endure because of their annexation to Kenya. They did not forget their means of livelihood being blundered and being reduced to destitute. They did not forgive the unnecessary hardships that they endure due to the lack of roads network in the province while it is known that the donor money that was used set aside for those roads were diverted to other “worthy” projects. People of this area know that they live on the bank of rivers and they have not had clean water for forty years. People of North Eastern know that someone is responsible for this state of affairs. To tell them that they should be reconciled with the person responsible once the truth is acknowledged by that person is to ignore the extent of damage and the fact that there is little hope for the future to change such a province. They do not need a TRC to tell them what they already know.
Just for the record, Onyango Oloo happens NOT to share Salah Abdi Sheikh’s rather dour and sour view of the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission.
I happen to think that WE, the victims and survivors of all these oppressions, atrocities and crimes against humankind NEED a TJRC, not least for its healing, restorative aspects.
We need closure, and when I say we here, I am stretching back as far the survivors and veterans of the Mau Mau War for National Independence and beyond.
Apart from closure, we DEMAND Justice.
We already KNOW the truth.
I expressed these thoughts in a poem I wrote in 2004 called “Who Will Bell the Cats of Goldenberg”:
What are we going to do
with all this pain
What are we
going to do
with all this pain
What
are we
going
to do with all this pain
What are we going to do
What
Are we
Going to do
With all this pain
We have finally
started rummaging
through the
Piles and piles
of dirty secrets
from our own recent,
gory, blood-stained
Chapters of shameful, repressive memories
Of dictators doing dreadful things on Fridays
Before strolling to church on Sundays
Whistling cheerful tunes
Like overflowing uji,
we see
the truth spilling out
From the mouths
of long lost
house maids
We hear
the terrible truths
of ministers
dragged to their
Brutal ends
whilst farm hands
boasted of hyenas
bleating for mercy
What are we going to do with all this blood
What are we going to do with all this blood
What are we going to do with all this blood
All this blood spilling
on to the front pages
of our national conscience
What shall we do
with all this blood
All this blood splattering
the well known pin striped suits
For months
we have heard
of the robbers
in the cabinet
Supervised by
their god fearing
warlord
as they stripped
The Central Bank empty
What shall we do
with all that shame
The shame
of leaders
looting our national coffers
These commissions of inquiry
to find out
the well known truths
Seem to be travelling
on well worn paths
to familiar obscurity
What shall we do with all these painful truths
What shall we do with all these painful truths
What shall we do with all these painful truths
What shall we do
with all these shameful facts
What shall we do
with all these shameful crimes
We know that
Moi and Saitoti
and his sidekicks stole
They grabbed
and they looted
They swindled
and they confiscated
All in the name of power,
in the pursuit of greed
Worshipping
King Avarice
and Queen Arrogance
We have known
for a while that
Nicholas Biwott and
his shadowy sidekicks
were fingered
As the masterminds
in all those dastardly crimes
Crimes of kidnapping
Crimes of torture
Crimes of grievous bodily harm
Crimes of premeditated
colded blooded murder
Crimes of cover up
Crimes of deceit
They have been fingered
And they have never
even bothered to clear their names
In the comfort that
power was on their side
And the killers were on their payrolls
Today they can try and pin
the murders on the murdered ones
And the Central Bank robberies on the incarcerated ones
Pattni will be made to pay
because he is the Indian Scapegoat
As the real Goldenberg Mafiosi
look to the Mafia barons in power for salvation
Who will bell the cats of Goldenberg
The mice of Kenya are asking
Who will bell the cats of Goldenberg
But what are we going to do
with all this shame, all this pain
What are we going to do
with all these painful truths
It is not the truth we seek,
for we have had it for a while
It is not proof we need,
for it was all clear as mud
Even those crimes
committed in the dead of night
What we seek is not truth, but justice
What we seek is not truth, but justice
What we seek is not truth, but justice
It is justice we seek for we know the truth
It is justice we seek for we know the truth
It is justice we seek for we know the truth
What we seek is not
closure,
but punishment
Let the robbers
get their day in court
Before they start
their years in Kamiti
Let the killers
get their day in court
Before they start
their long sojourn in G Block
It is time they exchanged
their three piece suits
For the new uniforms
of Kamiti and Manyani
They did the crimes,
now it is time to do the time
But who will take
the first step
of attaching the handcuffs
On those leading suspects
Who even as we speak
chortle in the back seats
Of their tinted limousines
As we write, the country awaits a reshuffle
That will bring the robbers and killers back to centre stage
And that is why I ask
What shall we do with all this pain
What shall we do with all this pain
What shall we do with all this pain
We must do something with all these painful truths
We must do something with all these painful truths
We must do something with all these painful truths
We must do something
to wash away
all this shameful blood
of the innocent
Before a gaping wound opens up to consume us all.
Onyango Oloo
Montreal
8:25 PM
Monday, February 23, 2004
Of course this poem is almost a perfect echo of some of the anguished and angry angst expressed by Salah Sheikh in the long excerpt above.
My larger point is that on the question of impunity, historical injustices and past criminal acts against the Kenyan people, we have a wide variety of views from people who essentially are NOT coddling or condoning any of the perpetrators.
We need to listen, really listen with our inner ears to what each one of us is saying.
We do NOT have to AGREE with one another at all- but that is the beauty of democratic discourse.
As long as we agree on one fundamental fact:
These dastardly deeds were not only WRONG, but should NEVER EVER HAPPEN AGAIN, but more than that, those responsible should be PUNISHED, not with a slap on their wrists, but with effective, CUSTODIAL SENTENCES without the option of fines, kapish?
In this context, what we need are the INSTITUTIONAL frameworks for ensuring TRUTH and JUSTICE, I am far less enthusiastic about “reconciling” with my past torturers and jailers.
Should we CARE who is appointed to such commissions?
Of course we should.
And speaking of QUALIFIED CANDIDATES, how many of us in civil society have been valorizing the suitability of past victims like for example, survivors of the Wagalla Massacre, Mau Mau veterans or former political inmates from Kamiti, Kodiaga, King’ong’o, Naivasha or Shimo la Tewa prisons?
The archetypical Kenyan civil society model candidate for the TJRC Chair is more than LIKELY to be a less than modest LAWYER, a middle class TECHNOCRAT, a timid “non-political” FENCE-SITTER or a prominent NGO entrepreneur.
Where are the ACTIVISTS (especially of the hard core, militant, left wing variety) on your priority list of likely replacements of/alternatives to Ambassador Kiplagat?
By the way is it true that at least ONE of the civil society individuals at the forefront of calling for Kiplagat's removal had quietely dropped off their own CV at the TJRC for the same job?
I could go on and on for fourteen more pages, but I guess by now, you have caught my drift, ama?
Onyango Oloo
Nairobi, Kenya
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